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Edexcel Further Core - Polar Coordinates

Polar Coordinates, Sketching Polar Curves, Areas Enclosed by Polar Curves

Polar Curves
Polar Areas
Polar Coordinates - Graph sketching - Circle: r = a
Investigate polar curves with equations of the form: $r = a$ for various values of the constant $a$.
Polar Coordinates - Graph sketching - r = a trig(bt)
Investigate polar curves with equations of forms like \(r = a \cos \left( {b\theta } \right)\) and \(r = a \sin \left( {b\theta } \right)\)
for various trigonometric functions and various values of the constants \(a\) and \(b\).

With \(a = 1\) and \(b = 1\),
polar curves of forms like \(r = \cos \left( {\theta } \right)\) can be investigated.

With \(a = 1\),
polar curves of forms like \(r = \cos \left( {b\theta } \right)\) can be investigated.

With \(b = 1\),
polar curves of forms like \(r = a \cos \left( {\theta } \right)\) can be investigated.

Pay close attention to the number of loops.
Polar Coordinates - Graph sketching - Investigate Polar Spirals
Investigate polar spirals with various equations. Experiment with different ranges of the angle θ.
Polar Coordinates - Graph sketching - r = a(p + q trig(t))
Investigate polar curves with equations like \(r = a \left( {p + q \cos \left( \theta \right)} \right)\)
for various trigonometric functions and various values of the constants \(a\), \(p\) and \(q\).
Pay close attention to any loops or symmetry or occurences of cusps.

With \(a = 1\), \(p = 1\) and \(q = 1\),
polar curves of forms like \(r = 1 + \cos \left( \theta \right)\) can be investigated.

With \(a = 1\) and \(p = 1\),
polar curves of forms like \(r = 1 + q \cos \left( \theta \right)\) can be investigated.

With \(p = 1\),
polar curves of forms like \(r = a \left( {1 + q \cos \left( \theta \right)} \right)\) can be investigated.

With \(a = 1\),
polar curves of forms like \(r = p + q \cos \left( \theta \right)\) can be investigated.
Polar Coordinates - r = p trig(q - t)
Investigate polar curves with equations like \(r = p \sec \left( q - \theta \right)\)
for various trigonometric functions and various values of the constants \(p\) and \(q\).
Pay close attention to any loops or symmetry or occurences of cusps.
Polar Coordinates - r = a trig²(t)
Investigate polar curves with equations of forms like \(r = a{\cos ^2}\left( \theta \right)\)
for various trigonometric functions and various values of the constant \(a\).
Pay close attention to any loops or symmetry or occurences of cusps.
Polar Coordinates - More Polar Curves
Investigate more polar curves.
Polar Coordinates - r² = a trig(bt)
Investigate polar curves with equations of forms like \({r^2} = a \cos \left( {b\theta } \right)\)
for various trigonometric functions and various values of the constants \(a\) and \(b\).

With \(a = 1\) and \(b = 1\),
polar curves of forms like \({r^2} = \cos \left( {\theta } \right)\) can be investigated.

With \(a = 1\),
polar curves of forms like \({r^2} = \cos \left( {b\theta } \right)\) can be investigated.

With \(b = 1\),
polar curves of forms like \({r^2} = a \cos \left( {\theta } \right)\) can be investigated.

Pay close attention to any loops or symmetry or occurences of cusps.
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